Porro prism is a type of reflection prism which
can be used to alter the orientation of an image. Light enters
the large face of the prism, then hits on the roof, by total internal
reflection twice from the roof, the beam exits again through the
large face. An image traveling through a Porro prism is rotated
by 180deg but not inverted.
Porro prisms are variants of the standard 90° prism but used
as a pair to displace and invert a beam. Porro prisms are widely
used in binoculars where they orientate the image correctly and
reduce the total length of the binoculars by a small amount.
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